2022 has been an important year in the 'fair share' debate At the beginning of 2022, the European Commission (EC) committed to developing a so-called ‘fair share’ regulatory framework, looking to make market players benefitting from the digital transformation contribute towards the cost of connectivity. Shortly after that, leading European telecoms operators Telefonica, Vodafone, Deutsche Telekom and Orange co-authored a letter supporting the EC’s commitment and urgently call

The Competition and Markets Authority has concluded its Phase 2 inquiry into the merger between Veolia and Suez - two global leaders in waste and water management. The inquiry group, of which DT Economics Managing Partner David Thomas was a member, found that Veolia must sell three overlapping businesses. The merger was found to risk a substantial lessening of competition across multiple waste and water markets. The outcome mirrors conclusions reached by other competition aut

DT Economics Managing Partner David Thomas, acting as a Settlement Decision Maker for the Payment Systems Regulator, has issued a Decision Notice fining NatWest, Royal Bank of Scotland, Ulster Bank and Coutts a total of £1.82 million for overcharging interchange fees on credit cards. The banks had incorrectly classified several cards as commercial cards when they should have been treated as consumer cards, resulting in fees being set at too high a level and both clients and m